Lara Stiris is the Director of Demand Generation at Userflow, where she focuses on helping SaaS companies succeed with product-led growth and user onboarding. Drawing from her experience leading marketing strategies at companies like Twitch/AWS, Splunk, and Vonage, she brings a unique perspective on how effective user engagement drives business growth. A data-driven marketer with a Stanford economics degree, Lara writes about the intersection of product experience, user adoption, and revenue generation in the B2B SaaS space.
The difference between a user abandoning your product and becoming a loyal advocate often hinges on their initial experience. User onboarding and feature adoption are critical touchpoints that can define your product's success. Userflow provides powerful tools to guide your users effectively, but like any sophisticated instrument, its true potential is unlocked through strategic application. This guide, crafted from the insights of experienced Userflow customers, will help you navigate the path to creating impactful user experiences.
1. Crafting Effective Onboarding & Adoption Flows
The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step, and in the world of SaaS, that step is often an onboarding flow. Here's how to make those first steps count:
Start with User Research
Before diving into flow creation, take a step back and understand your users' expectations. Conduct customer interviews and identify the "Aha!" moments in your product. These insights will guide you in creating flows that resonate with your users and highlight your product's core value.
Tailor to Your Audience
One size rarely fits all, especially when it comes to user onboarding. Leverage Userflow's segmentation capabilities to create flows based on user roles or feature access. Consider integrating with other tools like HubSpot to enhance your segmentation capabilities and follow-up communications.
Keep It Simple and Concise
In the realm of user onboarding, less is often more. Aim to create flows with 3-5 steps, using clear and scannable language. As Samantha Swartz from CreativeX advises, "Less is more. Always simplify. Avoid too many complex steps." This approach respects your users' time and cognitive load, increasing the likelihood they'll complete the flow and retain the information.
Establish a Clear Process
For organizations of any size, having a structured process for implementing Userflow is crucial. Carrie Moy from ASSISTments, an online formative math assessment tool, shares their approach: "We've built a process where people who want to use Userflow submit a form that outlines their goals and information. From there, we use established design rules and visual setups to ensure consistency." This process includes:
- Goal definition and documentation
- Design guidelines for visual consistency. (Use the Theme Designer in Userflow to reduce re-work.)
- Review by communications team
- Testing in playground environment
- Clear metrics tracking responsibilities
2. Use Cases to Kickstart Your Userflow Journey
Userflow offers many features, so when getting started it’s key to understand which features will best serve the specific goals you have for your product and business. Here's a guide organized by common use cases to help you create your first few in-app experiences:
1. User Onboarding and Initial Setup
Primary Features: Flows, Checklists, Resource center
As Matous Vrba from Make advises, "Avoid overwhelming users and giving them more than they need in that moment. New users love structure and checklists work great for this."
Flows excel at providing step-by-step guidance through initial setup, profile completion, and key feature introduction
Checklists break down the onboarding process into manageable tasks, creating a sense of progress
Resource center serves as a self-service hub for FAQs and additional guidance
Announcements for less time-sensitive updates that shouldn't interrupt workflow
3. Introducing a New Feature
Primary Features: Modals, Resource center, Announcements
As Carrie Moy notes, "We started with the modal and then started to build flows from that. The flows were really easy to start with."
Modals for feature spotlights and initial introductions
Resource center to provide detailed documentation and tutorials
Announcements for ongoing tips and updates about the feature
4. Complex Process Guidance
Primary Features: Flows, Checklists
Flows guide users through multi-step processes across different parts of the interface
Checklists provide clear progress tracking and structured task completion
5. User Feedback Collection
Primary Features: Modals, Resource center
Bruno Cardoso from GBTEC recommends to "Implement an NPS survey followed by an open-ended text question within a modal, triggered after the completion of key checklists."
Announcements to highlight new or underutilized features
Checklists to guide users through feature exploration
8. Compliance and Policy Updates
Primary Features: Modals, Announcements
Modals for mandatory acknowledgments and acceptances
Announcements to notify users of upcoming policy changes
Feature Selection Framework
When choosing between features, consider these guidelines:
Use Modals When:
You need immediate user attention
The interaction is simple and focused
No navigation is required
Use Flows When:
Multiple steps are involved
Users need to interact with different parts of the UI
Progress tracking is important
Use Checklists When:
Tasks can be broken into clear steps
Users need to track progress over time
Structure and guidance are important
Remember that features can be combined for maximum impact. For example, using a modal for initial feature introduction followed by a checklist for adoption, or combining the Resource center with AI Assistant for comprehensive self-service support.
3. Navigating Common Pitfalls: Tips for Success
Even the most well-intentioned onboarding efforts can fall flat if not executed properly. Here are some crucial tips to keep in mind:
Avoid Overwhelming Users
In your enthusiasm to guide users, it's easy to bombard them with information. Resist this temptation. Avoid overlapping flows, cap non-critical interactions to one at a time, and space out your launches (aim for 5-10 minutes apart). This measured approach respects your users' cognitive load and allows them to absorb information more effectively. In particular, Samantha Swartz from CreativeX encourages onboarding owners to “Set priority for your flows, especially if you have many on and off users that don’t come back frequently, otherwise they may get inundated when they return and flows have piled up.“
Collaborate with Your Team
Coordination is key when multiple team members are creating content. “Establish clear communication channels to avoid overlapping announcements or conflicting information,” advises Chris McAloney of Irwin. This collaborative approach ensures a cohesive user experience.
Integrate with Your Tech Stack
Make the most of Userflow's integration capabilities. For example, combining Userflow data with tools like HubSpot and Mixpanel can provide deeper insights and enable more sophisticated user communication strategies. As Carrie Moy notes, "The integration with HubSpot has been key, to pull in Userflow information into HubSpot, to narrow down and send follow-up emails."
Provide Restart Options
Users may need to exit a flow before completion for various reasons. Ensure they can easily restart flows from the beginning. As Bruno Cardoso pointed out, "Repetition is a common and effective learning method."
Leverage Visual Aids Wisely
Use Userflow's visual features strategically. Employ backdrops to highlight click areas and consider using videos or GIFs for more complex concepts. These visual aids can significantly enhance understanding and engagement.
Nick Markman from Evocalize notes, "Content is incredibly easy, higher barrier on triggers and conditions." This insight highlights the importance of not just creating great content, but also ensuring it's triggered at the right time and under the right conditions.
4. Measuring Success: Key Metrics to Track
To optimize your Userflow implementation, it's crucial to track the right metrics. Here are the key performance indicators to focus on:
1. Completion Rates: Track how many people are finishing flows and identify drop-off points.
2. Activation Rates: Monitor the journey from account creation to defined activation points, combining Userflow data with product engagement metrics.
3. Flow Exit Points: Analyze where users are leaving flows to optimize content and length.
4. User Visibility: Track which segments of users are seeing and engaging with your flows.
5. Engagement Over Time: Monitor how engagement patterns change across different user segments and timeframes.
Sheli Demry from Grip shared a powerful testament to the effectiveness of in-app surveys: "We've gotten more NPS responses with Userflow in 6 months than we've had with 2.5 years of post-event email surveys." This underscores the power of reaching users within your product environment.
5. Realizing the Power of Userflow: Impact on Your Business
When implemented effectively, Userflow can have a transformative impact on your business. Here are some of the key benefits reported by users:
Improved Communication
Userflow enables you to reach users directly in their work environment, allowing for timely and contextual communication. This is particularly valuable for urgent updates or critical information that might otherwise get lost in email inboxes.
Increased Conversion Rates
Strategic use of Userflow can directly impact your bottom line. One user reported doubling their new user to first purchase conversion rate within the first month by split testing an onboarding flow against a control group with no onboarding.
Time and Resource Savings
As a no-code solution, Userflow reduces reliance on developers for implementing onboarding, UX changes, and testing new experiments. This allows for quicker implementation of in-product information and frees up valuable development resources.
Cross-Team Alignment
A structured approach to Userflow can help align multiple teams around user communication. By establishing clear processes for flow creation, design review, and implementation, you can ensure consistent messaging and avoid overwhelming users with competing notifications.
Rocio Lopez Daglio from Potloc summarizes the impact well: “Since we started using Userflow, we’ve established a stronger, more direct line of communication with our customers, bypassing traditional marketing channels that can feel overly promotional. Userflow allows us to engage with customers in a straightforward, value-driven way, keeping the focus on what matters most to them."Â
Reduced Support Tickets
By providing proactive guidance and easily accessible resources, many companies have seen a significant decrease in customer support emails. This not only reduces strain on your support team but also improves user satisfaction through faster problem resolution.
Best Practices for Team Implementation
Consider establishing these elements for smooth team adoption of Userflow:
1. Intake Process: Create a standardized form for team members to request new flows or changes
2. Design Guidelines: Establish consistent visual and text standards
3. Review Workflow: Set up a clear process for communications and design team review
4. Testing Protocol: Use playground environments to test flows before launch
5. Metrics Ownership: Assign clear responsibility for tracking and analyzing results
This structured approach helps maintain quality and consistency, especially valuable for smaller teams managing multiple priorities.
Conclusion
Userflow is more than just a tool—it's a pathway to creating meaningful, engaging user experiences that drive adoption, satisfaction, and ultimately, business success. By following these best practices, you're well on your way to mastering Userflow and transforming your user onboarding and engagement strategies.
Remember, the key to success with Userflow lies in continuous iteration. Always prioritize your users' needs, pay attention to the metrics, and don't be afraid to experiment. With each flow you create and refine, you're not just onboarding users—you're crafting experiences that will keep them coming back for more.
Acknowledgements
We would like to extend our sincere gratitude to the following industry professionals who shared their valuable insights and experiences for this guide:
Their thoughtful contributions and real-world experiences have been instrumental in creating this comprehensive guide to mastering Userflow. Their expertise spans across different industries and use cases, providing valuable perspectives on implementing effective user experiences.
How do you build a bank of loyal customers? Customer retention is the lifeblood of sustainable growth for any type of business. If you’re a product manager or growth marketing professional, you’re likely well aware that acquiring new customers is far more expensive than retaining existing ones. But how do you measure customer retention? The answer lies in retention KPIs (Key Performance Indicators).
In this comprehensive guide, we’ll dive deep into the world of retention KPIs, exploring what they are, why they matter, and how you can use them to boost your customer retention rates. Whether you’re a SaaS business owner, product manager, or customer success professional, this article outlines all the strategies you need to boost your retention efforts — and keep your customers happy.
What are Customer Retention KPIs?
Retention KPIs are specific metrics that help businesses measure and track how well they retain their customers over time. These indicators provide valuable insights into customer behavior, satisfaction, and loyalty, which help companies make data-driven decisions to improve their retention strategies.
Here are just some of the reasons why it’s vital to understand and monitor customer retention KPIs:
They help identify areas of improvement in your product or service
They provide early warning signs of increased customer churn rate Â
They allow you to measure how effective your customer retention strategies are
They lead to more accurate revenue forecasting and business planning
Put simply, when you know what your customers want, you know how to retain them. Now, let’s explore the customer retention metrics and KPIs that every SaaS business should track.
10Â Customer Retention KPIs and Metrics
1. Customer Retention Rate (CRR)
The Customer Retention Rate is the most fundamental metric for measuring customer retention. It shows the percentage of customers who remain with your business over a given time period. If you choose only one metric to measure, make it Customer Retention Rate.
Formula:
CRR = ( ( C1 - ΔC ) / C0) x 100
C0 = Number of customers at the start of the period C1 = Number of customers at the end of the period ΔC = Number of new customers acquired during the period
Why it’s important: Customer Retention Rate provides a clear picture of how well you’re retaining customers over time. A high Customer Retention Rate suggests strong customer loyalty, which is always good for business.
How to improve it:
Enhance your onboarding process to highlight customer value from the get-go
Regularly engage with customers through personalized communication
Continuously improve your product based on customer feedback
Offer high-quality customer support
2. Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR)
Monthly Recurring Revenue is a valuable metric for subscription-based businesses. It represents the predictable revenue generated from your customer base each month.
Formula:
MRR = Number of customers x Average revenue per customer
Why it’s important: Monthly Recurring Revenue helps you measure your business’s financial health and levels of growth. MRR is also a key indicator of customer retention, as it reflects both new and retained customer revenue.
How to improve it:
Focus on upselling and cross-selling to existing customers
Implement a tiered pricing strategy to capture different customer segments
Reduce churn rate by addressing pain points and improving customer satisfaction
3. Customer Lifetime Value (CLV)
Customer Lifetime Value shows the total revenue a business can expect from a single customer account throughout their relationship with the company.
Formula:
CLV = Average Purchase Value x Average Purchase Frequency x Average Customer Lifespan
Why it’s important: Customer Lifetime Value helps you understand the long-term value of retaining customers. CLV can also help with decisions on customer acquisition costs and retention strategies.
How to improve it:
Boost user engagement with personalized experiences (Example: You could send a customized email on their birthday)
Offer loyalty programs or rewards for long-term customers
Continuously add value to your product or service (like new features)
Provide exceptional customer service to build strong relationships
4. Product Stickiness
Product Stickiness measures how often users engage with your product. To calculate it, use the ratio of Daily Active Users (DAU) to Monthly Active Users (MAU).
Formula:
Product Stickiness = DAU / MAU
Why it’s important: Turns out, it’s good to be sticky. In fact, a high stickiness ratio indicates that users find your product valuable and interact with it regularly, which suggests they’re more likely to stay using it.
How to improve it:
Identify and promote your product’s sticky features
Use in-app messaging to lead users to these features
Gamify some elements to encourage regular usage
Use behavior data to regularly optimize the user experienceÂ
5. Repeat Purchase Rate (RPR)
While more commonly used in e-commerce, the Repeat Purchase Rate can be adapted for SaaS businesses to measure the percentage of repeat customers (those who renew their subscriptions or upgrade their plans).
Formula:
 RPR = Number of Repeat Customers / Total Number of Customers
Why it’s important: A high Repeat Purchase Rate indicates strong customer loyalty, meaning they’re happy with your product or service.
How to improve it:
Build an easy-to-follow customer onboarding process
Provide excellent customer support
Regularly release new features or improvements
Offer incentives for long-term commitments, new subscriptions, or upgrades (e.g., 10% discount)
6. Expansion MRR
Expansion MRR measures the additional annual recurring revenue (ARR) from existing customers through upselling, cross-selling, or plan upgrades.
Formula:
Expansion MRR = MRR from upgrades + MRR from cross-sells - MRR from downgrades
Why it’s important: Expansion MRR is a big indicator of customer satisfaction and the potential to expand your existing customer base.
How to improve it:
Identify upsell opportunities based on customer usage patterns
Create clear upgrade paths with tangible benefits
Educate customers on advanced features that might require upgrades
Offer time-limited promotions for upgrades or additional services
7. Customer Satisfaction Score (CSAT)
As the name suggests, Customer Satisfaction Score measures how satisfied customers are with your product or service, typically on a scale of 1-5 or 1-10.
Formula:
 CSAT = (Number of satisfied customers / Total number of survey responses) x 100
Why it’s important: Because the Customer Satisfaction Score gives direct feedback on customer satisfaction, it helps you spot any problem areas and fix them before the churn rate rises.
How to improve it:
Regularly collect customer feedback — and act on it
Respond to customer complaints quickly and provide a rapid solution
Keep up with user needs, constantly improving your productÂ
Offer 24/7 customer support and education
8. Net Promoter Score (NPS)
Net Promoter Score measures customer loyalty by asking how likely customers are to recommend your product or service to others, typically on a scale of 0-10.
Formula:
NPS = % of Promoters - % of Detractors
Promoters = Customers who rate 9-10 Passives = Customers who rate 7-8 Detractors = Customers who rate 0-6
Why it’s important: Like RPR, Net Promoter Score is a strong indicator of customer loyalty. It can predict your customer retention rate and potential growth through word-of-mouth referrals.
How to improve it:
Follow up with detractors to address their concerns
Create a referral program to encourage promoters to spread the good word
9. Customer Health Score
The Customer Health Score is a metric that combines various indicators to predict the likelihood of a customer continuing to use your product or churning.
Formula: The exact formula differs by company, but typically includes factors such as:
Product usage frequency
Feature adoption
Customer support interactions
NPS or CSAT scores
Payment history
Why it’s important: Customer Health Scores keep you one step ahead, so you can quickly identify at-risk customers and act before they churn.
How to improve it:
Develop a clear scoring system based on key indicators of customer success
Use automation tools to alert customer success teams when scores drop
Adopt targeted interventions for customers with low health scores
Regularly review and refine your health score criteria
10. Revenue Churn Rate
Revenue Churn Rate tracks the percentage of recurring revenue lost due to cancellations or downgrades over a certain time period.
Formula:
Revenue Churn Rate = (MRR at start of period - MRR at end of period) / MRR at start of period
Why it’s important: Revenue Churn Rate helps you understand the impact of customer churn on your business’s bottom line. It can also highlight any revenue issues with specific customer segments or pricing tiers.
How to reduce it:
Implement a customer success program
Offer incentives for longer-term subscriptions, such as discounts or company swag
Regularly communicate the value your product provides (e.g., through social media or email campaigns)
Address customer concerns quickly and effectively
Tip: You don’t need to remember every rate formula by heart — just bookmark this article and refer back to the list whenever you need.Â
How to Measure Customer Retention
Now you’ve figured out how to calculate customer retention KPIs and metrics, you’re ready to optimize the process. Here are some top tips to measure customer retention the right way:
Define your time period: Do you want to measure customer retention rate monthly, quarterly, or annually?
Choose your metrics: Select the KPIs that are most relevant to your business model and goals.
Set up tracking: Use customer relationship management (CRM) software, analytics tools, or specialized retention tracking software to collect and analyze your data.
Establish benchmarks: Research industry standards and set realistic goals (consider the SMART method here) for your retention metrics.
Review and analyze: Set up a regular cadence to review your customer retention metrics and analyze trends.
Segment your data: Look at retention rates across different customer segments, such as pricing tiers, industries, or user personas.
Act on insights: Use the data you collect to inform product decisions, customer success strategies, and overall business planning.
Strategies to Improve Your Customer Retention Rate
So, you’ve ticked “Measure retention KPIs” off your list. What's next? It’s time to put your plan into action. We’ve touched on some of these above, but here’s a handy list of proven customer retention strategies:
Personalized onboarding: Tailor the onboarding experience so new users get a good first impression. Tip: Tools like Userflow can help you create interactive guides and tutorials.
In-app messaging and email campaigns: Use targeted communications, like in-app notifications and customized emails, to pique users’ interest. These channels are the best way to highlight new features and provide insider tips.
Top-notch customer service: It’s a given that you should respond to customer inquiries quickly, but you can also take it a step further and reach out to users who may be struggling.
Use customer feedback and surveys: Real customer feedback can be a goldmine for product improvements. Collect these nuggets and turn them into actions that will make your product better.
Regularly update and improve your product: Keep an eye on market trends, as well as what your competitors are doing, and use these insights to decide new features and enhancements for your product.
Create a customer loyalty program: Who doesn’t love a perk? Offer exclusive benefits to your loyal customers, such as early access to new features or bespoke pricing.
Provide educational resources: Share webinars, tutorials, and knowledge base articles, so your users get the most out of your product. This is especially important when introducing a new feature, as it will increase user uptake.
Build a community: Create forums, user groups, or events where customers can connect and share best practices.
How Userflow Can Boost Your Customer Retention Rate
At Userflow, we’re big on customer retention. Our whole platform is designed to help SaaS companies improve their retention metrics, right from the very start of the user journey. Here’s how Userflow can help you track and boost your customer retention rate:
Interactive onboarding: Personalize the onboarding experience with step-by-step guides, tooltips, and checklists to improve product adoption and reduce time to value.
User segmentation: Target specific user groups with tailored in-app messaging and guides based on their behavior, role, or other attributes.
Product usage tracking: Monitor how users interact with your product, identifying areas of high engagement and potential friction points.
NPS and CSAT surveys: Easily implement in-app surveys to gather feedback and measure your customer satisfaction score.
Feature adoption tracking: Track how users adopt features and create targeted campaigns to increase usage.
Analytics and reporting: Access detailed analytics on user behavior, guide completion rates, and other key metrics to inform your retention strategies.
Integration capabilities: Connect Userflow with your existing tools like Segment, Intercom, or Salesforce to create a unified view of your customer data.
No more guesswork needed — with Userflow in your corner, you can take a data-driven approach to master your retention KPIs and metrics, ultimately boosting your customer retention rates.
FAQs on Customer Retention KPIs
Q: How often should I measure retention KPIs and metrics? A: It depends on your business model. Most SaaS companies should review retention metrics at least monthly. However, some metrics, like product usage, should be monitored daily or weekly.
Q: What’s a good customer retention rate? A: Retention rates vary by industry but for SaaS businesses, a retention rate of 35-45% over a 12-month period is considered good. Anything above 50% is excellent.
Q: How do I know which retention KPIs are most important for my business? A: Focus on metrics that match your business model and growth stage. Early-stage startups might prioritize Product Stickiness, while more mature companies might focus on Customer Lifetime Value.
Q: Can improving retention KPIs impact customer acquisition? A: Absolutely! Happy, retained customers are more likely to refer new customers. What’s more, focusing on retention can help you optimize your customer acquisition costs as it ensures you target the right customers.
Q: How do I balance focusing on retention vs. acquisition? A: While both are important, many successful SaaS companies follow the 40/40/20 rule: 40% of resources on acquisition, 40% on retention, and 20% on brand building. However, the exact balance will depend on your growth stage and business goals.
The Last Word on Customer Retention KPIs
Convinced on the importance of customer retention KPIs? By focusing on key metrics like Customer Retention Rate, Monthly Recurring Revenue, Net Promoter Score, and Customer Lifetime Value, you gain valuable insights into user behavior, so you know exactly what steps to take to reduce customer churn rate.
Remember, improving retention is not a one-and-done deal — it’s an ongoing process that requires continuous monitoring, analysis, and optimization. That’s why it’s a good idea to have a tool like Userflow on hand, so you can streamline the process and create tailored experiences that keep your customers coming back for more.
Ready to send your customer retention rate skyrocketing? Sign up for a free trial of Userflow today and see how our comprehensive suite of tools can help you track, analyze, and improve your retention KPIs. Your future self (and your customers) will thank you!
Getting visitors to your site is one thing; converting them is another. The reason behind this is simple — conversion, unlike traffic, isn’t just about numbers; it’s about understanding user behavior.
In digital marketing and sales, understanding your customer's journey is everything. Knowing exactly how they move through your site, from discovery to purchase, can be the difference between a sale and a missed opportunity. That’s where conversion funnel analysis comes in — it helps you pinpoint where potential customers drop off and where they convert.
From managing SaaS products or running eCommerce sites to driving digital campaigns, mastering customer funnel analysis can provide real insights to improve your strategy. In this guide, we’ll break down what conversion funnels are, why they matter, and how to make them work for your business to boost results.
What’s a Conversion Funnel?
A conversion funnel is basically a roadmap of your customer’s journey—from first noticing your product to actually doing what you want them to (like making a purchase in an ecommerce website or signing up). The thing about a funnel is that it’s wide at the top, and narrow at the bottom. A ton of people might be interested at first, but fewer and fewer flow to the end and convert as they hit different stages of the funnel.
You’ll hear it called all sorts of things across departments: sales funnel, marketing funnel, user funnel. But they all boil down to the same thing—tracking how people flow down the funnel from mere browsing to a purchase. Understanding these stages helps you figure out where folks are dropping off and how you can reel them back into the funnel.
Stages of a Conversion Funnel
Here’s a detailed breakdown of the key stages of a typical conversion funnel, refined to give actionable insights for better funnel optimization:
Awareness
This is the very first point of contact where potential customers discover your brand, product, or service. They might come across your business through various channels like social media posts, online ads, search engine results, or even through a recommendation.Â
The goal at this stage of the funnel is to create brand visibility and capture their interest, ensuring your brand leaves a memorable first impression.
Interest
Once a prospect is aware of your brand, the next step is getting them genuinely interested in what you offer. They might visit your ecommerce website, browse your content, or subscribe to your newsletter.Â
At this stage of the funnel, educational content like blogs, guides, and case studies helps nurture the curiosity of website visitors and guides them toward understanding your value proposition.
Evaluation
As prospects move down the funnel, they begin to actively evaluate your product or service. They’re considering if you can solve their problem, possibly comparing you with competitors. They may read reviews, request demos, or engage in deeper research.Â
Your goal at this stage of the funnel is to highlight the unique benefits of your offerings and position your product as the best solution to the needs of your website visitors.
Action
This is the critical point of the funnel where the prospect takes the desired action—whether it’s making a purchase, signing up for a free trial, or subscribing to your service. It’s the culmination of all prior efforts.Â
A smooth, user-friendly buying process and clear call-to-actions (CTAs) are key to ensuring the conversion happens without friction.
Retention
Many businesses overlook this stage of the funnel, but the quality of their product adoption is crucial for customer retention. After the initial purchase or sign-up, the focus shifts to keeping your customer engaged through personalized follow-ups, loyalty programs, or exclusive offers.Â
The aim is to turn one-time buyers into repeat customers or even brand advocates after reaching the end of the funnel.
Why is Conversion Funnel Analysis Important?
Conversion funnel analysis is a fundamental practice that can significantly enhance your business performance. Let’s dive into why it’s essential:
Understanding Customer Behavior
Analyzing your conversion funnel gives you a clear picture of how customers engage with your brand throughout their journey. Identifying patterns and preferences at each stage enables you to fine-tune your marketing strategies and user experience.Â
This enables you to create targeted campaigns that resonate with your audience, ultimately improving engagement and loyalty.
Improving Conversion Rates
With insights into where and why customers are dropping off, you can implement targeted interventions to boost your conversion rate.Â
Be it optimizing your landing pages or simplifying the checkout process, or even enhancing product descriptions — even minor tweaks can lead to substantial improvement in the conversion rate of your funnel.
Identifying Drop-off Points
Outside of just the conversion rate, the conversion funnel analysis allows you to pinpoint specific areas in the customer journey where potential customers are exiting your funnel.Â
For example, if users abandon their shopping carts frequently, or fail to transition from the awareness to interest stages, these drop-off points highlight critical areas for improvement.
Optimizing Marketing Spend
By analyzing which channels and tactics yield the best results at each stage of the marketing funnel, you can allocate your budget more effectively. This ensures that you’re investing in the strategies that deliver the best results in terms of conversion rate.Â
Instead of spreading your resources thin across multiple channels, you can focus on high-performing ones, personalizing your marketing efforts for the customer journey.
Enhancing Customer Experience
A well-optimized conversion funnel leads to an improved customer experience. Streamlining the journey from awareness to action lets you create a smoother, more enjoyable interaction with your brand. Customers are more likely to convert when they encounter an intuitive, user-friendly process that respects their time and preferences.
How to Create an Effective Conversion Funnel
Creating a conversion funnel that drives real results requires a systematic approach. Here’s a detailed checklist to help you construct an effective conversion funnel:
Define Your Goals: Start by clearly identifying the specific action you want customers to take. This could range from making a purchase and signing up for a newsletter to booking a demo or requesting a consultation.
Identify Your Target Audience: Understand who your ideal customers are. Conduct thorough market research to uncover their pain points, preferences, and behaviors. This will help you tailor your funnel to meet their specific needs.
Map Out the Customer Journey: Outline the typical path a customer takes from first becoming aware of your brand to completing the desired action. The user journey map can include multiple touchpoints, so visualize each step to understand how to improve conversion rates by enhancing the customer journey.
Create Relevant Content for Each Stage: Develop targeted content that aligns with the customer journey. For instance:
some text
Awareness Stage: Utilize blog posts, social media content, and videos that introduce your brand and address common pain points.
Interest Stage: Offer product comparisons, feature lists, and engaging newsletters that provide more detailed insights about your offerings.
Evaluation Stage: Share case studies, testimonials, and detailed product demos to build trust and encourage customers to move closer to conversion.
Set Up Tracking: Implement analytics tools to monitor user behavior at each stage of your funnel. Utilize website analytics (like Google Analytics), email marketing metrics (from platforms like Hubspot), and CRM data to gather insights into how users interact with your content.
Implement Lead Nurturing Strategies: Employ tactics such as email marketing campaigns, retargeting ads, and personalized content to keep your prospects engaged.
Optimize for Conversions: Ensure that your website, landing pages, and call-to-action buttons are user-friendly and designed to amp up conversion rates. A/B testing can be invaluable here; try different layouts, colors, and messaging to see what resonates best with your audience.
Test and Refine: Regularly analyze the performance of your funnel elements and be willing to make adjustments based on the data you collect. This iterative process will help you continuously improve the conversion rate and enhance the overall user experience.
Conversion Funnel Optimization
Once your sales or marketing funnel is established, it's time to optimize it effectively. Here are targeted strategies for each stage of the funnel:
Awareness Stage
Diversify Traffic Sources: Avoid putting all your eggs in one basket. Use a mix of SEO, paid ads, social media, and content marketing to broaden your audience reach.
Create Valuable Content: Produce high-quality content that addresses your audience's pain points across the customer journey and positions your brand as the go-to solution.
Interest Stage
Enhance User Experience: Ensure your website is user-friendly, fast-loading, and mobile-optimized to enable users to consume content and convert easily.
Incorporate Engaging Visuals: Utilize videos, infographics, and high-resolution images to capture and maintain visitor interest.
Evaluation Stage
Showcase Social Proof: Highlight customer testimonials, case studies, and reviews to build trust and establish credibility.
Provide Comparisons: Clearly differentiate your product or service from competitors to clarify its unique benefits.
Action Stage
Simplify Conversion Processes: Streamline the steps required for customers to convert (complete their purchase or sign up).
Use Clear CTAs: Ensure your call-to-action buttons are prominently displayed and employ persuasive language.
Retention Stage
Implement Loyalty Programs: Foster repeat business by offering rewards or exclusive benefits to loyal customers.
Utilize Personalized Email Marketing: Send targeted emails based on customer behavior to maintain engagement and encourage repeat purchases.
Common Pitfalls to Avoid
When optimizing your conversion funnel, steer clear of these common missteps:
Neglecting the Top and Middle of the Funnel: It's easy to get fixated on conversions, but ignoring the initial stages can result in a lack of qualified leads down the line.
Overlooking Mobile Optimization: With mobile browsing on the rise, ensure your funnel functions seamlessly on all devices to capture that audience.
Using a One-Size-Fits-All Approach: Generic strategies fall flat. Tailor your approach to different customer segments for more effective engagement. You should also consider the category of your organization. A product-led organization may have a different funnel strategy as opposed to a sales-led one.
Disregarding Existing Customers: Don’t just focus on new leads. Re-engaging your current customers can drive repeat business and generate valuable referrals.
Skipping Testing and Iteration: The digital landscape evolves rapidly. Regularly test various elements of your funnel and adjust based on the insights you gather.
Key Metrics and KPIs for Conversion Funnels
While user engagement metrics are part of the answer, effectively analyzing and optimizing your conversion funnel involves tracking several other metrics. Here are the key performance indicators (KPIs) you should monitor:
Conversion Rate: Measure the percentage of visitors who convert. This is your marketing funnel's success metric.
Drop-off Rate: Identify the percentage of users who leave the funnel at each stage. Understanding where users drop off helps target areas for improvement.
Average Time in Funnel: Analyze how long it takes for a user to convert. This can indicate user engagement and efficiency.
Cost Per Acquisition (CPA): Calculate the average cost of acquiring a new customer. This metric helps you assess the effectiveness of your marketing efforts.
Return on Investment (ROI): Determine the profit generated from your marketing efforts compared to the cost. A critical metric for evaluating overall strategy effectiveness.
Customer Lifetime Value (CLV): Estimate the total revenue expected from a single customer over the duration of your relationship or the customer journey. This helps inform retention strategies.
Traffic Sources: Analyze where your visitors are coming from (e.g., organic search, paid ads, social media). This insight aids in refining marketing strategies.
Exit Pages: Identify the last pages users visit before leaving your site. Understanding these can help pinpoint content that may need improvement.
Bounce Rate: Monitor the percentage of visitors who leave your site after viewing only one page. A high bounce rate may signal issues with user engagement.
Cart Abandonment Rate: For eCommerce sites, track the percentage of users who add items to their cart but abandon the cart and fail to complete the purchase. Cart abandonment rate is a metric that's essential for optimizing checkout processes.
How to Read and Analyze a Conversion Funnel
Now that we’ve explored the fundamentals of conversion funnels and essential metrics, let’s focus on how to effectively read and analyze your funnel data:
Start at the Top: Examine your awareness stage metrics. Identify how many people are entering your funnel and where they originate from.
Track Progress Through Each Stage: Monitor user movement through each stage. Identify where you experience the largest drop-offs.
Identify Bottlenecks: Pinpoint specific stages with significant user drop-off. These areas are crucial for improvement.
Analyze User Behavior: Utilize tools like heat maps and user recordings to gain insights into how visitors interact with your site. This is key for ecommerce websites.
Compare Different Segments: Assess how various user segments—such as mobile versus desktop users or new versus returning visitors—navigate through the funnel, and add a product to their cart or convert. Analyze how this affects the conversion rate.
Look for Patterns Over Time: Don’t just focus on snapshots. Analyze how funnel performance evolves over time, particularly after implementing changes.
Consider External Factors: Take into account any seasonal trends or external events that could influence funnel performance.
Benchmark Against Industry Standards: Evaluate how your funnel performance stacks up against industry averages to gauge effectiveness.
Visualizing Your Conversion Funnel
Visualizing your conversion funnel is crucial for identifying trends, bottlenecks, and improvement opportunities. Here are some effective methods to help you make sense of your data:
Funnel Charts: These classic visualizations display the number of users at each stage of your funnel, making it easy to pinpoint where drop-offs occur.
Flow Diagrams: Use flow diagrams to illustrate the various paths users take through your funnel, including their entry and exit points.
Heat Maps: Heat maps indicate where users are clicking (or not clicking) on your web pages, providing insights for optimizing your layout and call-to-action placements.
Cohort Analysis: This approach allows you to visualize user behavior over time by grouping users into cohorts, which can be particularly useful for analyzing retention and engagement.
Tools for Conversion Funnel Analysis
Using the right tools can streamline the process and enhance your insights. Here’s a rundown of some effective analytics tools that can help you analyze and optimize your conversion funnel:
Google Analytics: This powerful, free tool provides extensive data on website visitors and their behaviors. It's particularly effective for tracking traffic sources and user navigation through your site. This is especially useful for SaaS and ecommerce products.
Mixpanel: This advanced platform enables real-time tracking of user interactions, allowing you to create custom funnels based on specific actions, giving you a granular view of user engagement.
Hotjar: Combining analytics with feedback mechanisms, Hotjar features heat maps, session recordings, and user surveys to help you gain insights into user behavior and preferences.
Kissmetrics: This tool focuses on customer engagement and retention, allowing you to track individual user journeys and analyze cohort behavior to improve retention strategies.
The Future of Conversion Funnel Analysis
Conversion funnel analysis is evolving in fascinating ways — AI and Machine Learning, for example, predict user behavior and enhance personalization in ecommerce, while cross-device tracking allows you to follow users across various platforms. The rise of voice and conversational interfaces is expanding the scope of funnels beyond traditional methods, while privacy-first analytics address growing data concerns.
In a nutshell, continuous improvement is key. The customer journey is in a constant state of flux. Regularly analyzing your funnel data and testing new strategies can provide insights that help you adapt your approach effectively.
But here’s the kicker: conversion isn’t the end of the customer journey. To ensure you retain those hard-earned customers, you need an excellent onboarding strategy. That's where Userflow comes into play. Userflow ensures that new customers quickly understand how to use your product. This enhances satisfaction and reduces drop-off rates.
With the right strategies in place, you can not only optimize your conversion funnel but also create a compelling journey that keeps users engaged from the moment they sign up.
Ensuring that users have a smooth, intuitive journey through your product is critical. If users struggle to find value or get blocked while navigating your product, they may abandon it quickly. This means high churn and low retention, and nobody wants that. One of the best ways to ensure a seamless user experience is creating well-crafted user flows. In this guide, we’ll explore what user flows are, how to create effective user flow wireframes, and share 15 examples.
What Is a User Flow?
A user flow is the path a user takes while navigating through a product or website to accomplish a specific goal. It outlines the steps and interactions a user experiences, from the entry point (e.g., landing page, app login) to the final action (e.g., completing a purchase, signing up, or reaching a specific feature). It visualizes the user journey from entry point to goal completion, highlighting the different decision points and interactions along the way. User flows help product managers, UX designers, and marketers see how users will navigate the product, ensuring the UX design aligns with user needs.
Why Should You Care About Your User Flow?Â
A good user flow is crucial because it guides the UX design process, ensures a smooth user journey, improves user experience, and drives positive business outcomes. Here's a list of reasons why it matters:
Improves User Experience: A clear user flow helps users easily achieve their goals, leading to higher user satisfaction.
Streamlines Onboarding: Ensures new users quickly find value and become long-term customers.
Boosts Conversion Rates: More optimal value discovery and higher user satisfaction leads to more purchases. Â
Reduces Friction: Prevents confusion and abandonment by minimizing roadblocks during the user journey.
Enables Data-Driven Improvements: Identifies where users drop off, allowing for informed optimizations.
Supports Business Goals: Aligns user actions with business objectives, maximizing revenue and engagement.
Key Elements of a User Flow
Whenever you visualize a good user flow, these are the must-have components.
Entry Points: This is where the user flow begins, whether users are landing on your homepage, clicking an email link, or opening your app.
Decision Points: These are the critical points where users need to make choices, such as signing up, logging in, or selecting between different features or paths.
Actions and Interactions: These are the specific tasks users must complete, like creating an account, making a purchase, or setting up their profile.
End Goal: The ultimate objective or action you are aiming to achieve with your UX design, like successfully completing onboarding, adopting a new feature, or subscribing to a paid plan.
How to Make a Great User Flow Diagram
To visualize your user flow, you need a user flow diagram. Also known as wireflow or a flowchart, user flow diagrams help you see how users navigate through your product. It helps identify entry points, key decision points, and how users move from one step to the next. A clear user flow diagram ensures a seamless user experience (UX) and makes it easier to identify where improvements can be made in the design process. Below are key steps to building an effective user flow diagram.
1. Define Your Objective
Start your wireflow with a clear goal for your UX design. What specific action do you want the user to complete? Whether it’s signing up for a free trial, making a purchase, or setting up a profile, the objective will guide the rest of the UX design process.
For example, if the goal is to get users through theonboarding, focus on how users first interact with your product, key features they need to discover, and how they ultimately get value from the experience.
2. Identify Entry Points
Next, determine where users are starting their journey on your flowchart. These entry points could be a landing page, a mobile app login screen, or an email link. Understanding where users enter the flow is important for optimizing the initial steps for maximum engagement.Â
3. Map Out Key Steps and Decision Points
Once the entry points are identified, visualize the key steps users will take as they progress toward the end goal. Break down the process into specific actions users must complete, such as filling out forms, exploring product features, or interacting with tooltips.
Incorporate decision points where users might take different paths based on their actions. For instance, if users skip a certain onboarding step, what’s the next best action? Each decision point should be clearly mapped out to provide alternatives that guide users smoothly through the user flow.
4. Use Symbols and Visual Elements
A great user flow diagram should be easy to understand. Shapes are commonly used in flowcharts and wireframes to represent each step. Use arrows, shapes, and symbols to represent actions, decisions, and transitions between screens or sections.
For example:
Circles can represent entry points and actions
Rectangles can indicate key screens or pages.
Diamonds are often used for decision points where the user makes a choice.
Arrows guide the user from one step to the next.
5. Test and Refine the Flow
After building the initial user flow wireframe, it’s important to test it. Run through the process yourself and your team to ensure it feels intuitive. Are the interactions smooth? Are there unnecessary steps in the user's path? Look for areas where users may drop off and optimize the flow to reduce friction.
6. Implement Feedback
Once the user flow diagram has been tested, gather feedback from stakeholders or real users. This will help you refine the user journey, ensuring the user flow aligns with your customers' needs and expectations. Feedback might reveal missing steps, confusing paths, or areas where users need more guidance.
7. Use Tools for Building the Diagram
Instead of wrestling with a pen and paper, use a tool that will help you create wireframes to visualize the user journey. Several tools are available for building and refining user flow diagrams:
Figma: Allows a generous free plan. Great for overall UX design needs.Â
Lucidchart: A popular tool for designing flowcharts with an intuitive interface.
Sketch: A tool focused on prototyping wireframes for UX designers.Â
15 User Flow Examples for Effective UX Design
Now that we've talked all about how to build a great user flow, let's actually look at some examples to give you a head start. Below are 9 distinct user flows that can be used to optimize user experiences and drive engagement.Â
1. User Onboarding Flow
Onboarding is the most critical user flow in any SaaS product because it’s the first interaction new users have with your product. A well-designed onboarding process ensures that users quickly understand your product's value.
Example User Flow:
A new user signs up, triggering a user flow that starts with an introduction to the product’s main features. Through a series of UI elements like tooltips and checklists, users are guided through core functionalities. As the user completes each step, an onboarding checklist updates to reflect progress, leading them to their first “aha” moment.
2. Free Trial to Paid Conversion Flow
Transitioning users from a free trial to a paid subscription is key for SaaS companies. The user flow for this transition must highlight the value of the paid features while reducing any friction during the process.
Example User Flow:
At critical entry points during the trial, the user is introduced to premium features via in-app messages. As users engage with the product and try to click on key premium features, UI elements like tooltips and pop-ups can craft targeted messages, reminding of the value they could access and encouraging them to upgrade. Based on personalized interactions with the user, the user flow can include special offers that entice them to convert.Â
3. Feature Adoption Flow
Many users don’t explore all the features of a SaaS product unless nudged in the right direction. A well-designed user flow for feature adoption highlights underused functionalities to drive deeper engagement.
Example User Flow:
When a user logs in, they are presented with personalized in-app messages that suggest what other features the user may find useful based on their past behavior. The user journey guides them through the necessary steps to explore these features. Tooltips or pop-ups ensure users easily grasp the functionality and value of the new features.
4. Customer Support Flow
Users often need assistance during their user journey, and an effective user flow for customer support ensures they find solutions quickly without getting frustrated.
Example User Flow: A user encountering a problem can access a help button, which triggers a UI-friendly support widget. This includes self-serve options like a searchable FAQ and interactive troubleshooting guides. If the issue isn’t resolved, users can easily escalate to live chat or email support with a click of a button.Â
5. Upsell and Cross-Sell Flow
Upselling and cross-selling opportunities need to be integrated into the user flow naturally. This encourages users to discover premium features and complementary products.
Example User Flow:
Based on user behavior, the user flow can place subtle in-app suggestions through tooltips or modals when users interact with specific features. The user flow diagram nudges them towards a premium plan or add-ons that enhance their experience. Each interaction is tracked to inform future recommendations.
6. Subscription Renewal Flow
Retaining customers is crucial for SaaS businesses. The user flow for subscription renewals should ensure users renew effortlessly while keeping churn low.
Example User Flow:
Before a subscription expires, the user flow initiates a sequence of UI reminders, such as modals or in-app alerts like banners, prompting users to update payment information or confirm renewal. A smooth user experience during the renewal process reduces friction and encourages long-term commitment.
7. Churn Prevention Flow
Preventing churn requires understanding why users leave and intervening before they make that decision. A user flow designed to combat churn can make all the difference.
Example User Flow:
As users show signs of disengagement—such as a drop in interaction—they receive proactive in-app reminders about the value of the product. So here you can implement tooltips that guide them back to underused features. When users try to cancel their plans, the user flow can give an option to contact support or receive a personalized offer to keep them subscribed.Â
8. Login and Authentication Flow
The user flow for login and authentication is critical to the overall user experience. It needs to be secure, fast, and easy to use without causing frustration.
Example User Flow:
Upon reaching the login screen, users enter their credentials and are directed to the product dashboard. Multi-factor authentication can be added seamlessly to the user flow without disrupting the experience. If login fails, tooltips guide users to troubleshoot their credentials or reset passwords.
9. Feedback Collection Flow
Gathering feedback is crucial for improving the product and understanding user needs. A well-designed feedback flow encourages users to share their thoughts without interrupting their experience.
Example User Flow:Â
After a user completes key actions (like using a feature or finishing a task), they are prompted with a subtle pop-up asking for feedback. The flow can include a quick rating system or an in-app survey, allowing users to give their input without leaving the app.
10. Feature Request Flow
Giving users a way to request features can boost engagement and show that their input is valued. A simple feature request flow makes this easy.
Example User Flow:
As users explore the product, a UI element like a floating button encourages them to request new features. The user flow directs them to a form where they can describe their request. This flow is integrated with a feedback loop, notifying users when their requested features are implemented.
11. Referral Flow
Encouraging users to refer others is a powerful way to grow your user base. A seamless referral flow makes it easy for users to share your product with others.
Example User Flow:
Once a user experiences value from the product, they are prompted via a UI element (like a banner or pop-up) to refer a friend. The user flow guides them through the process of sharing a referral link or sending an email, while offering incentives like discounts or bonuses for successful referrals.
12. Reactivation Flow
When users become inactive, a reactivation flow can bring them back by reminding them of the product’s value.
Example User Flow:
If a user hasn’t logged in for a certain period, they receive an automated email or in-app message reminding them of what they’re missing. The user flow may offer them a walkthrough of any new features or a personalized message showcasing improvements that address their previous pain points.
13. Mobile App Download Flow
For SaaS products that also offer mobile apps, guiding users from the desktop platform to download the mobile app is key to increasing engagement across devices.
Example User Flow:
After signing up or using the web product, users receive an in-app prompt to download the mobile app. The flow takes them to the appropriate app store and seamlessly transitions them from web to mobile, with personalized onboarding steps tailored to mobile-specific features.
14. Error Handling Flow
When users encounter errors, a smooth error handling flow ensures they can resolve issues quickly and continue their journey.
Example User Flow:
If a user encounters a technical issue (such as a failed form submission), the user flow automatically provides a clear error message and guidance on how to fix it. Tooltips or in-app messages direct users to the appropriate next steps, such as correcting input errors or contacting support.
15. Content Recommendation Flow
A content recommendation flow helps keep users engaged by suggesting relevant content based on their actions, behaviors, and interests. This flow encourages users to explore additional features or resources, boosting their overall experience and long-term engagement.
Example User Flow:
When a user completes a specific action, such as finishing a task, the product suggests relevant content (tutorials, blog posts, webinars, or case studies) through in-app messages or modals. This recommendation is tailored to their previous behavior and helps them find further value in the product. For instance, after completing a project, a user might be prompted to explore advanced tips or new features related to project management, driving them to deeper product adoption.
Build Great User Flows Now
User flows are fundamental to creating an intuitive, engaging experience for your users. Whatever portion of your product you're trying to visualize, creating wireframes of your user flow and optimizing your UI/UX accordingly is a quintessential part of achieving success with your product.Â
And don't forget, once you figure out your user flow diagram and have a wireflow that maps everything out, you need to have an efficient way of implementing your flowchart. Whether you need to make a small adjustment in your user interactions, or overhaul the entire user flow, a digital adoption tool like Userflow can help you implement those changes without a headache.
So if you want to execute quickly on your user flows and optimize your product's user experience with speed and efficiency, you should try Userflow.
Earlier in 2024, Netflix shook things up with their new subscription plans, sparking widespread panic among subscribers worried about their binge-watching budgets. However, these concerns didn’t quite reflect in the company’s valuation or revenue.Â
What does this say about pricing strategies?Â
Pricing is more than just numbers; Netflix understands the necessity of understanding its audience, competitor prices, and the potential ramifications of every price adjustment. And so should you, as a product manager, while you choose your product pricing strategy.
Among the various options you may come across, the cost-plus pricing strategy stands out. You calculate the costs of production and then add a profit margin. And you don’t even have to look far for an example — your local grocery store employs this strategy every day.
But how do you apply this strategy in B2B SaaS? In this blog, we’re breaking down the ins and outs of the cost-plus pricing strategy.
What is Cost-Plus Pricing?
Cost-plus pricing, or markup pricing, is a strategy where businesses set their prices by adding a specific markup to the total cost of producing a product or service. This approach ensures that all expenses are covered and guarantees a consistent profit margin.
It’s commonly used in industries where costs are relatively stable and predictable, such as manufacturing, construction, and some service-based businesses.
Think about how a local bakery operates: they calculate the total cost of ingredients, labor, and overhead, then add a markup to determine the price of a loaf of bread. If the total cost comes to $2, they might sell it for $3, pocketing a $1 profit.
If you’re looking for a larger-scale example, think about construction. Contractors often use cost-plus pricing to bid on projects. If a project costs $100,000 to complete, they might charge the client $120,000, with the extra $20,000 being their markup price or profit.
How Does Cost-Plus Pricing Work?
Understanding how the cost-plus pricing formula operates is essential for effectively implementing this strategy. Here’s a streamlined process to guide you through it:
Calculate total costs: Begin by determining the total costs associated with producing or delivering your product or service. This should include direct costs like materials and labor, as well as indirect costs such as overhead.
Establish profit margin: Next, decide on your desired profit margin. This figure is critical as it directly influences your pricing strategy and overall profitability.
Determine selling price: Finally, combine your total costs with the profit margin to arrive at your final selling price.
The formula for this pricing strategy can be summarized as follows:
To illustrate this, consider a hypothetical SaaS company that has developed a project management tool. The total cost of developing, maintaining, and supporting the software for one user per year is $100. If the company aims for a 50% profit margin, the calculation would proceed as follows:
Selling Price = $100 + ($100 Ă— 50%) = $150 per user per year
In this example, the company would set the price of its project management tool at $150 per user per year. This approach ensures that the company covers its costs while achieving its desired profit margin.Â
Understanding this pricing formula is crucial for product managers aiming to balance cost recovery and profitability.
Components of Total Cost
Let’s get into the nitty-gritty of cost-plus pricing. Here’s what’s in the mix:
Direct costs: Think of these as the expenses tied directly to creating or delivering your product or service. In the SaaS world, this could mean:some text
Development costs spread out over the product's expected lifespan
Hosting and infrastructure fees
Direct labor costs for customer support and maintenance
Overhead costs: These are the behind-the-scenes expenses that keep your business running but don’t link to a specific product. Examples include:some text
Office rent and utilities
Salaries for admin staff
Marketing and sales expenses
Legal and accounting fees
Variable costs: These costs fluctuate with your production or sales volume. For a SaaS biz, that might include:some text
Transaction fees from payment processing
Extra hosting costs as your user base grows
Commissions for sales reps
Fixed costs: These stay the same, no matter how much you produce or sell. Think of:some text
Base salaries for full-time employees
Software licenses for development tools
Insurance premiums
Accurately calculating these costs, will help you nail down your total cost base — which is crucial for effectively applying a cost-plus pricing strategy.
Advantages of Cost-Plus Pricing
Cost-plus pricing is a go-to strategy for many businesses, offering a range of benefits that can simplify the pricing process:
Simplicity and ease of implementation: The standout feature of cost-plus pricing is its straightforwardness. The calculations involved are uncomplicated, requiring minimal market analysis or competitive intelligence.
Predictable profit margins: Applying a fixed markup to production costs enables companies to maintain consistent profit margins across their product lines. This predictability helps in financial planning and management.
Cost recovery: This pricing strategy guarantees that all costs associated with production are covered, significantly reducing the risk of selling products at a loss.Â
Justifiable price increases: When production costs rise, explaining price hikes to customers becomes much easier. Since the cost-plus model is transparent and directly linked to costs, customers can easily understand the rationale behind price adjustments.
Stability: Cost-plus pricing can contribute to price stability in markets where costs remain relatively constant. This stability can enhance customer trust and loyalty, as they come to expect consistent pricing.
Clear communication with stakeholders: The simplicity of this model makes it easy to communicate pricing structures to stakeholders—be it investors, employees, or business partners. This transparency makes way for stronger relationships and trust.
Reduction of pricing decisions: Once a markup percentage is established, pricing becomes a more automated process. This reduction in constant pricing decisions allows businesses to focus on other strategic areas.
Disadvantages of Cost-Plus Pricing
While cost-plus pricing may seem like the golden ticket, it’s not without its share of pitfalls:
Ignoring market dynamics: This method often overlooks the bigger picture—like market demand, how customers perceive value, and what competitors are charging. This blind spot can lead to lost sales and missed opportunities.
Risk of mispricing: If your costs are running high compared to the competition, you might end up overpricing your product. On the flip side, if your product offers way more value than your pricing suggests, you could be leaving cash on the table.
No motivation for cost efficiency: Since prices are based purely on costs, there’s little incentive to streamline operations or cut expenses. Sort of like running a marathon but never trying to improve your time.
Ignoring willingness to pay: Cost-plus pricing doesn’t factor in what customers are actually willing to fork over for your product or service. This could lead to pricing yourself out of the market — or worse — missing out on potential revenue.
Value discrepancy: Especially in the SaaS realm, where serving another customer often comes at a minimal cost, this strategy may fail to capture the true value delivered to users.
Complex cost allocation: In industries with complicated production processes or shared resources, pinpointing accurate costs, and hence, arriving at a consistent cost-plus pricing model can be difficult.
Rigid approach: The inflexibility of cost-plus pricing can make it tough to adjust quickly in the face of changing market conditions or competitive pressures.
Cost-Plus Pricing in SaaS
When it comes to SaaS products, cost-plus pricing isn’t always a straightforward application of the formula. It requires some serious thought.Â
Unlike your average product, SaaS often carries hefty upfront development costs but low ongoing expenses for serving extra customers. This makes nailing down a pure cost-plus pricing strategy a bit of a head-scratcher.
So, what should you keep in mind when applying cost-plus pricing in the SaaS landscape?
Cover all the bases: It’s not just development costs. Think broader — include ongoing expenses like:some text
Spread out the development costs: Those initial development bills can hit hard, so it's smart to amortize them over the product's expected lifetime or across a specific customer base. This way, you won’t feel the financial pinch all at once, allowing for more sustainable pricing strategies in the long run.
Embrace scalability: As your SaaS business scales, your cost per user typically decreases thanks to those economies of scale. Your pricing model should be flexible enough to adapt to this shift, ensuring that you maximize profit without scaring away new customers.
Dabble in tiers: If your SaaS product has various service levels, consider applying cost-plus pricing to each tier based on its unique costs. This can help you create more tailored pricing structures that reflect the value offered at each level, making it easier to attract a wider range of customers.
Know your customer's worth: Factor in the expected lifetime value of a customer when you’re setting your profit margins. This insight allows you to strike a balance between competitive pricing and profitability, ensuring that you get the most out of your customer relationships over time.
Stay competitive: Sure, you want to cover costs but don't forget to factor in the market. Keeping an eye on competitors' pricing and industry standards is crucial. It may require adjusting your markup or mixing in other pricing strategies, or you risk affecting your net revenue retention.
Think freemium: If you offer a free tier to attract users, make sure to include the costs of supporting those users in your pricing for the paid tiers. Balancing the cost of free users with the revenue from paid customers is key to maintaining profitability while still expanding your user base.
While cost-plus pricing is a great starting point, it’s often more effective when combined with other strategies, like value-based or competitive pricing.
Alternative Pricing Strategies
Before you dive headfirst into the cost-plus model, it’s smart to explore other pricing strategies that might better suit your SaaS business:
Value-based pricing: This one’s all about how much your customers think your product is worth, rather than how much it costs to make. If product-led growth is your game, value based pricing could be your golden ticket.
Competitive pricing: In a cutthroat market, setting your prices based on what your competitors charge can help you stay in the game. This approach keeps you aligned with industry standards.
Penetration pricing: Think of this as your initial low-price strategy to grab market share quickly from competitors, then slowly bumping up the price as you gain traction. Perfect for new SaaS products trying to break into a packed marketplace.
Price skimming: Start with high prices to snag those eager early adopters who want the latest tech, then lower your prices over time to attract the more budget-conscious crowd. It’s a classic move for maximizing profits.
Freemium: This popular model offers a basic version of your product for free while charging for premium features. It’s great for building a user base fast and upselling later.
Tiered pricing: Offering different service levels at various price points lets customers choose what fits their needs and budget best. Tiered pricing is all about flexibility.
Usage-based pricing: Here, you charge customers based on how much they actually use your product. This can work wonders for SaaS offerings with variable usage patterns.
Implementing Cost-Plus Pricing: Your Step-by-Step Playbook
Calculate your total costs:some text
Direct costs: Start by listing all the direct production costs tied to your product, such as materials, labor, and any other expenses directly involved in production.
Overhead costs: Don’t forget overhead costs like utilities and rent. Make sure to allocate everything appropriately to your product or service to get a clear picture of your total expenses in cost based pricing.
Determine your desired profit margin:
Look at what’s standard in your industry to understand the competitive landscape. Keep your business goals and growth plans in mind as you set your profit margin. If you’ve got investors, factor in their expectations too, as this can influence your pricing strategy.
Set your markup percentage:
Based on your desired profit margin, calculate the markup percentage you’ll need to apply to those costs.
This percentage is crucial as it will help ensure your business remains profitable while covering all your expenses. Consider industry benchmarks to gauge a reasonable markup that aligns with your market positioning.
Calculate your selling price:
It’s simple math—take your total costs and apply that markup percentage to find your selling price.
This price should not only cover your costs and desired profit but also be appealing to your target customers. Make sure the final price feels justified by the value you provide, as this will enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty.
Compare with market rates:
Research what competitors are charging and check out market rates to ensure your price is competitive. It’s essential to strike a balance between being attractive to customers and maintaining your profit goals, so consider how your offering stands out in the market.
Test and adjust:
Once your cost based pricing is live, keep a close eye on its performance by monitoring sales, customer feedback, and market trends.
Be ready to tweak your markup or your entire pricing strategy if you notice any negative impact on sales or customer acquisition. Regular testing helps you stay agile and responsive to market changes.
Regularly review and update:
Costs aren’t static, and neither should be your pricing. Make it a habit to regularly tally your product adoption curve with pricing strategies. This helps you adjust pricing based on the product’s position in its lifecycle and how different segments of customers are adopting it. For example:
You can price higher for early adopters and innovators who have a strong need for your product due to the absence or obsoleteness of alternatives.
But as adoption increases, pricing may need to be adjusted to make the product more attractive to mainstream customers and stay competitive in the market.
This constant adjustment helps ensure that your pricing reflects current demand, market conditions, and costs.
Implement a smart system for automatic price adjustments based on cost changes. This can save you a lot of headaches and keep your pricing strategy in line with your business goals.
Key Considerations Before You Make the Call
If you’re thinking about adopting a cost-plus pricing strategy, here are some key considerations to keep in mind:
Your target market: Understanding your customers is crucial. Dive deep into their preferences and willingness to pay to determine the value they associate with your product. This insight will help you tailor your pricing strategy effectively.
Competitive landscape: Analyzing your competition is essential for setting your prices. Look at what similar products are charging and identify how your features and value proposition compare to theirs.
Unique value proposition: What makes your product stand out from the crowd? Articulating your unique selling points will not only help in value based pricing but also resonate with your target audience.
Long-term strategy: Your pricing strategy should align with your overall business goals. Consider how it supports your growth trajectory and whether it positions you for future market opportunities.
Flexibility: A rigid pricing model can hinder your ability to adapt to market changes. Ensure your strategy allows for adjustments based on customer feedback and evolving industry trends.
Cost structure: Thoroughly understanding your cost structure is essential for accurate pricing. Keep in mind that costs can fluctuate, especially as you scale, so regularly review your expenses to maintain profitability.
Customer segmentation: Different customer segments often have varying needs and price sensitivities. Tailoring your pricing approach for distinct segments can enhance customer satisfaction and boost sales.
Market positioning: Where do you want your product to be in the marketplace? Defining your desired market position—be it premium, mid-range, or budget—will guide your pricing decisions and marketing efforts.
Regularly Review and Adjust Your Pricing Strategy
While understanding your costs is crucial for any business, SaaS companies often benefit from a more nuanced approach that combines elements of cost-plus pricing with competitive and value based pricing strategies. This hybrid approach allows you to ensure cost recovery while also capturing the full value your product provides to customers.
In the end, the best pricing strategy for your SaaS business will depend on your cost structure, market position, competitive landscape, and customer base. Carefully consider these factors and combine different pricing approaches to develop a pricing strategy that works for your business.
Want to ensure your customers see the value in your pricing?Â
Userflow allows you to create seamless onboarding experiences that showcase the value of your product, helping users recognize why your pricing is worth every penny.
In a competitive SaaS landscape, user onboarding and engagement are key determinants of your product’s long-term success. A seamless onboarding process increases adoption rates, reduces churn, and improves customer satisfaction.Â
One powerful tool that can significantly enhance your onboarding efforts is the product tour. This guide will cover everything you need to know about product tours, from their benefits and types to best practices and how to select the right product tour software.
What is a Product Tour?
A product tour is an interactive, guided experience that helps users familiarize themselves with the core features of a product. Typically triggered when a new user first interacts with a software application, product tours guide users step-by-step through key features, ensuring they quickly understand how to use the product effectively. The goal is to provide a smooth user experience, making sure that new users experience value early on in their journey.
Why Use a Product Tour for User Onboarding?
Implementing an effective product tour as part of your user onboarding process brings numerous benefits. Here’s how a well-executed product tour can positively impact your product’s success:
Faster Time-to-Value: The primary goal of a product tour is to guide users to value quickly. Showing users how to perform essential tasks and highlighting core features enables them to experience the product’s benefits early. The sooner a user experiences value, the more likely they are to remain invested in your product.
Reduced Cognitive Load: When users are first introduced to a new product, the interface, features, and functionality can be overwhelming. Product tours break down these complexities by offering bite-sized, manageable steps that guide users through the essential features in a logical progression. This makes it easier for users to retain information.
Increased Engagement: An interactive product tour encourages users to actively participate in the learning process, which leads to higher engagement. Guiding users through specific actions makes users feel more involved.
Lower Support Costs: When users are guided through the onboarding process effectively, they are less likely to encounter issues that require customer support intervention. Providing in-app guidance can reduce the number of support tickets and inquiries and free up your customer service team to handle more complex issues.
Improved Feature Discovery: Not all users will explore your product’s features on their own. Product tours can highlight underutilized or hidden features that users might not otherwise discover. A tour can guide users through advanced features that provide additional value, encouraging them to explore more deeply.
Personalized Experiences: With advanced product tour tools like Userflow, you can create personalized onboarding flows for different user segments. Personalization improves relevance, showing users information that’s directly aligned with their needs or roles. For instance, new users might need a broad overview, while power users might benefit from more in-depth tours of advanced features.
Enhanced User Journey: A well-crafted product tour aligns with the overall user journey, providing relevant guidance at key milestones. From guiding users through the initial setup to introducing them to advanced features as they progress, product tours enhance the entire user journey.
Increased Activation and Retention: Product tours that successfully demonstrate value early on can dramatically improve user activation rates, making users more likely to stick around long term. Users who understand the value of the product and how to use it effectively are more likely to keep using it.
Types of Product Tours
Different types of product tours cater to various stages of the onboarding process and specific user needs. Here are some common types:
Welcome Tours: These are designed to introduce new users to the product’s main features and navigation. Welcome tours provide an overview of the core elements and help users understand how to get started. They are particularly useful for guiding users through the initial setup.
Feature Tours: When introducing a new feature, feature tours provide focused guidance on that particular functionality. These tours highlight the value of new or advanced features, encouraging users to explore them. They can also be useful when rolling out updates, helping users get familiar with the new capabilities quickly.
Contextual Tours: These tours are triggered by the user’s actions or location within the app. For example, if a user accesses a specific feature for the first time, a contextual tour can offer immediate guidance relevant to that feature. Contextual tours are highly personalized and ensure users receive the right information when they need it most.
Role-Based Tours: Tailoring product tours to specific user roles or personas is a great way to ensure relevance. For example, a marketing professional might need guidance on campaign management, while a sales representative might focus on lead tracking. Role-based tours offer targeted onboarding experiences that resonate with the unique needs of each user segment.
Onboarding Checklists: Onboarding checklists are an effective way to guide users through essential setup tasks or key feature explorations. Using a checklist enables users to track their progress and ensure they’ve completed all necessary onboarding steps to get started with the product.
Interactive Walkthroughs: These hands-on guides allow users to engage directly with the product while learning how to complete specific workflows. Interactive walkthroughs provide in-context guidance and help users master the tasks they’ll be performing regularly. They are particularly effective for complex workflows that might require multiple steps to complete.
Best Practices for Building an Effective Product Tour
To create a compelling and engaging product tour, follow these best practices:
Keep it Concise: Users don’t want to be overwhelmed with information. Focus on the most important features and break down complex workflows into easy-to-follow steps. The goal is to guide users through the process without making the tour too long or tedious.
Make it Interactive: Engagement is key. Encourage users to take action during the tour by interacting with the product directly. This hands-on experience reinforces learning and helps users become more comfortable with the interface. Platforms like Userflow are great for creating interactive, hands-on experiences that keep users engaged.
Allow Users to Skip or Exit: Not all users want or need a product tour. Always provide an option for users to skip or exit the tour if they prefer to explore on their own. This gives users the flexibility to choose how they want to learn, ensuring they don’t feel forced into a predefined experience.
Use Clear and Concise Language: Avoid jargon and technical language that could confuse users. Your instructions should be simple, clear, and easy to follow.Â
Incorporate Visuals: Using images, icons, and animations can help make the tour more engaging and easier to follow. Visuals can guide users through the interface and demonstrate how to perform specific actions. This is useful for explaining complex features or workflows that might be difficult to describe in words alone.
Segment Your Audience: Not all users are the same. Use segmentation to create different tours for different user types or personas. For example, a beginner user might need a detailed introduction, while an advanced user may benefit from an in-depth tour of new features.
Progressive Disclosure: Don’t overload users with information right away. Introduce advanced features gradually as users become more comfortable with the product. This technique, known as progressive disclosure, ensures that users aren’t overwhelmed by complexity before they’re ready to handle it.
Gather Feedback: Continuously collect feedback on your product tours through app surveys or microsurveys. User feedback is invaluable for identifying areas for improvement and making iterative changes to enhance the overall onboarding experience.Â
Measure Success: Utilize analytics to track the success of your product tours. Measure key performance indicators (KPIs) such as completion rates, user engagement, feature adoption, and time-to-value.Â
Types of UI Patterns in Product Tours
Product tours can utilize a variety of UI patterns to guide users effectively through the product experience. The choice of UI pattern can have a significant impact on how users interact with the tour and how well they retain information.
Modals: Modals are great for drawing attention to important elements or tasks. They usually appear as pop-up windows that take up a large portion of the screen. Modals are effective for key messages, such as welcome screens, important announcements, or required actions. However, these pop-ups can be disruptive, so they should be used sparingly and only for critical points in the tour.
Interactive walkthroughs: These are step-by-step guides that walk users through key workflows in real time. For example, if you’re introducing a complex feature, an interactive walkthrough will guide the user through each step necessary to complete a task, reinforcing learning by doing.Â
Tooltips: Tooltips are small, non-intrusive overlays that provide additional context when a user interacts with a specific UI element on the screen. Tooltips are perfect for guiding users through minor or hidden features, offering valuable insights without taking up too much space or interrupting the user’s workflow.
Hotspots: Hotspots are visual cues that encourage users to interact with specific parts of the product. These glowing or animated indicators can draw attention to features that users might not have noticed otherwise. Hotspots are a less intrusive way to guide users and can be highly effective for encouraging exploration.
Slideouts: Slideouts are sidebars that appear from the edge of the screen to provide additional information or options. Slideouts are particularly useful for offering detailed explanations or onboarding checklists, as they can deliver more content without cluttering the main interface. These are ideal for complex tasks where users might need more guidance than what a tooltip or modal can provide.
Incorporating a mix of these UI patterns can create a more engaging and intuitive product tour that caters to different user needs.
Comparing Product Tour Tools
Selecting the right product tour tool depends on your specific needs, budget, and the complexity of your product. Here’s a breakdown of the top options, each with its own strengths and weaknesses:
1. Userflow
Userflow is an all-in-one product tour solution that allows organizations to create seamless and effective product tours, walkthroughs, onboarding checklists, and tooltips—all without needing to code. Its intuitive no-code editor empowers teams to build interactive experiences quickly and customize them for different user segments.
Userflow is fast, flexible, and easy to use, allowing for rapid creation of custom product tours. It offers extensive customization options, making it adaptable to different user segments and use cases. Userflow helps users unlock value quickly and improves overall product engagement.
Userflow is Best For:
Quickly setting up interactive walkthroughs.
Customizing onboarding experiences based on user behavior.
Teams looking for an affordable, scalable solution.
2. Appcues
Appcues provides tools for building onboarding flows and in-app messages without coding. It has the ability to integrate with a wide variety of other platforms. However, teams may find it less flexible when trying to fine-tune specific user journeys.
Appcues is Best For:
Teams working with large tech stacks.
Businesses with higher budgets.
3. UserGuiding
UserGuiding focuses on providing no-code walkthroughs and tooltips, offering the option to segment users for targeted onboarding. While it offers an accessible pricing model, it may lack the deeper customization options some teams require.
UserGuiding is Best For:
Teams looking for basic user segmentation.
Companies with straightforward onboarding needs.
4. Userpilot
Userpilot allows teams to create product tours and collect real-time feedback through microsurveys. Its strength lies in user behavior segmentation and contextual guidance, though teams with more complex technical needs may find limited integration options.
Userpilot is Best For:
Teams needing user segmentation and targeting.
Organizations with simpler tech stacks.
5. Userlane
Userlane offers tools for guiding users through complex workflows, which may be suited for enterprise software or products with more challenging learning curves. Its focus on interactive walkthroughs makes it useful for products requiring detailed user education.
Userlane is Best For:
Businesses with complex workflows or enterprise-level software.
Companies prioritizing user training over basic onboarding.
Integrating Product Tours with Your Onboarding Strategy
While product tours are a powerful tool for user onboarding, they work best when integrated into a broader onboarding strategy. Here are a few complementary tactics that can enhance the overall user experience:
Onboarding Checklists: Offering users a checklist of key tasks ensures they complete the essential steps required to get started. Onboarding checklists act as a roadmap, giving users a clear path to follow and preventing them from feeling lost or overwhelmed during the onboarding experience.
App Messaging: Timely, in-app messages can provide additional guidance or tips when users reach key milestones. These app messages can be triggered by specific user behaviors, helping to reinforce the lessons learned during the product tour. For example, if a user successfully completes a core task, an in-app message can offer suggestions for the next steps or highlight additional features to explore.
App Surveys: Collecting real-time feedback through app surveys or microsurveys enables you to measure user satisfaction and identify pain points. This data can be used to fine-tune your onboarding process and product tours, ensuring they meet the needs of your audience during the onboarding flow.
Real-World Examples of Great Product Tours
Many leading companies have successfully leveraged product tours to improve their user onboarding and drive product adoption. Here are a few examples:
Slack: Slack uses a combination of tooltips and modals to guide new users through its interface. The tour helps users understand how to create channels, send messages, and integrate third-party tools, all while allowing users to interact with the platform in real-time.
Airtable: Airtable’s interactive walkthroughs help users get started by guiding them through creating their first project. The tour demonstrates how to organize data, use templates, and collaborate with team members, offering users hands-on experience right from the start.
Canva: Canva combines product tours with short video tutorials to help users quickly learn how to design. The step-by-step guides are paired with visual examples, enabling users to follow along and create their first design while learning.
Asana: Asana’s product tour adapts based on user behavior, offering personalized guidance depending on the type of project users are creating. From setting up a personal task list or managing a team project, the interactive walkthrough provides relevant instructions tailored to their needs.
HubSpot: HubSpot breaks down its complex suite of tools into easy-to-follow, role-based product tours. Segmenting users based on their industry or job role lets HubSpot ensure that each user receives personalized onboarding that highlights the tools most relevant to their goals.
Measuring the Success of Your Product Tours
To ensure your product tours are effective, it’s essential to measure their success. Here are some important metrics to track:
Completion Rates: How many users complete the product tour? High completion rates indicate that users find the tour helpful and easy to follow. Low completion rates may signal that the tour is too long, complicated, or not engaging enough.
Time-to-Value: This metric measures how quickly users reach the point where they experience value from your product. A well-designed product tour should reduce the time-to-value by guiding users to key features quickly and efficiently.
Feature Adoption: Are users engaging with the features highlighted in the tour? Tracking feature adoption helps you understand whether the product tour is successful in driving user behavior and encouraging exploration.
User Feedback: Feedback gathered through app surveys or microsurveys provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of your product tours. Positive feedback indicates that users find the tour helpful, while negative feedback can highlight areas for improvement.
Product Tours Are Critical To Your Onboarding Strategy
Product tours provide a guided, interactive experience that helps users quickly understand and adopt your product. By following best practices, utilizing the right tools, and continuously measuring success, you can create product tours that not only improve the user experience but also drive higher activation, engagement, and retention rates.
Investing in a well-designed product tour tool like Userflow will ensure that your users are set up for the long term, leading to a happier, satisfied customer base.
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.